Author
Andrew M Coughlin, MD Staff Surgeon in Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Nebraska Methodist Hospital; Faculty, Department of Surgery, CHI Health Creighton University Medical Center; Faculty in Head and Neck Surgery, Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Faculty in Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center
Andrew M Coughlin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society, Byron Bailey Surgical Society, Nebraska Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, North American Skull Base Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Coauthor(s)
William M Lydiatt, MD, FACS Head and Neck Surgical Oncologist, Methodist Estabrook Cancer Center; Clinical Professor of Surgery, University of Nebraska; Professor, Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine; Faculty in Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth
William M Lydiatt, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Specialty Editor Board
Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference
Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.
Nader Sadeghi, MD, FRCSC Professor and Chairman, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University Faculty of Medicine; Chief Otolaryngologist, MUHC; Director, McGill Head and Neck Cancer Program, Royal Victoria Hospital, Canada
Nader Sadeghi, MD, FRCSC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Head and Neck Society, American Thyroid Association, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Chief Editor
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA Professor of Otolaryngology, Dentistry, and Engineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Cerescan; Ryte; Neosoma; MI10<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Neosoma; Cyberionix (CYBX)<br/>Received ownership interest from Cerescan for consulting for: Neosoma, MI10.
Additional Contributors
Mimi S Kokoska, MD Physician, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Aurora Health Care
Mimi S Kokoska, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Association for Physician Leadership, American College of Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Daniel D Lydiatt, DDS, MD Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Mary C Snyder, MD Division of Plastic Surgery, Monument Plastic Surgery
Mary C Snyder, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Association, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, and American Rhinologic Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgments
Medscape Reference thanks Vijay R Ramakrishnan, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, for assistance with the video contribution to this article.
