Overview
What is neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the anatomy of the colon relevant to neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the anatomy of the intrinsic nervous system relevant to neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the anatomy of the extrinsic nervous supply relevant to neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the physiology of normal bowel function relevant to neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the pathophysiology of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) caused by SCI, MS, and MMC?
What is the pathophysiology of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) caused by Parkinson disease?
What is the pathophysiology of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) caused by brain lesions?
What is the pathophysiology of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) caused by diabetes mellitus?
What is the prevalence of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the prognosis of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is included in patient education about neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
Presentation
What is included in the clinical history of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the focus of the initial assessment for neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What are the signs and symptoms of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is included in the physical exam to evaluate neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What are the possible complications of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
DDX
Which conditions are included in the differential diagnoses of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What are the differential diagnoses for Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction?
Workup
Which tests are performed in the basic workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
How is incontinence and evacuation assessed in the workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of anorectal manometry in the workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of endoanal ultrasonography in the workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of defecating proctography in the workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of electromyography in the workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
How is rectal sensory function assessed in the workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of endoscopy in the workup of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
Treatment
How is neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) treated?
Which conservative measures are used in the treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of medications in the treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
How is the defecation reflex triggered in the treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of surgery in the treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of physical therapy in the treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is the role of occupational therapy in the treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
What is included in monitoring and long-term follow-up of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
Medications
Which medications are used in the treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD)?
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Administration of an enema.
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Illustration of neural control of gut wall by sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric nervous system. Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.
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Colonoscopy reveals diverticulosis (pockets within colon that can bleed or become infected). Video courtesy of Dawn Sears, MD, and Dan C Cohen, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, Scott & White Healthcare.
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Abdominal X-ray showing fecal impaction extending from pelvis upward to left subphrenic space and from left toward right flank, measuring over 40 cm in length and 33 cm in width. Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons