Diagnostic Considerations

Table 1. Differential Diagnosis of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis (Open Table in a new window)

Diagnosis	Season	Usual Source	Relative Bradycardia	Pharyngitis	Diarrhea	Parotitis	Orchitis	CSF Glucose level
LCMV infection	Fall/winter	Mouse, hamster	+	+/-	-	+/-	+/-	Normal or decreased
Typhoid fever	Year-round	Food, water	+	+	+ (late)	-	-	Normal
Enteroviral illness	Summer	Water	-	+	+	-	-	Normal
Arboviral illness^†	Summer	Mosquito	-	-	-	-	-	Normal
Leptospirosis	Summer/fall	Dogs, rats	-	-	-	-	-	Normal
Influenza	Winter	Person	-	+	-	-	-	Normal
Mumps	Winter/spring	Person	-	-	-	+	+/-	Normal or decreased

^†Including West Nile virus (WNV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Yellow fever virus (YFV), Western and Eastern equine encephalitis (WEE, EEE)

Other causes of aseptic meningitis (eg, herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), syphilis, Cryptococcus, Coccidioides immitis, Mycobacteria tuberculosis, malignancy, NSAIDs/other medications) should also be considered based on the history.

Differential Diagnoses

Workup

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Author

Philip J McDonald, MD Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine

Philip J McDonald, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Michigan Infectious Disease Society, Phi Beta Kappa

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Pranatharthi Haran Chandrasekar, MBBS, MD Professor, Chief of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine

Pranatharthi Haran Chandrasekar, MBBS, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, International Immunocompromised Host Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

John L Brusch, MD, FACP Corresponding Faculty Member, Harvard Medical School

John L Brusch, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD David Ross Boyd Professor and Chairman, Department of Medicine, Stewart G Wolf Endowed Chair in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center; Master of the American College of Physicians; Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America; Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Association of Professors of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Oklahoma State Medical Association, Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

Mark R Wallace, MD, FACP, FIDSA Infectious Disease Physician, Skagit Valley Hospital, Skagit Regional Health

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Rupal M Mody, MD, MPH Staff Physician

Rupal M Mody, MD, MPH is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Diane H Johnson, MD Assistant Director, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Winthrop-University Hospital, State University of New York at Stony Brook School of Medicine

Diane H Johnson, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, American Medical Women's Association, American Society for Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sections Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) Infection
Overview
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DDx
Workup
Treatment
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References

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) Infection Differential Diagnoses

Diagnostic Considerations

Differential Diagnoses

References

Tables

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