Epinephrine[1]
Receptors: Moderate beta-2, strong beta-1 and alpha adrenergic
Increased cardiac output (CO) and heart rate (HR)
Decreased renal perfusion
Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), minimally
Increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
Significant increase in systolic function
No effect in diastolic function
Increased oxygen demand, significantly
Variable blood pressure (BP)
Norepinephrine
Receptors: Strong alpha-1 and alpha-2, moderate beta-1
Increased PVR, minimally
Increased BP
Increased SVR, significantly
No effect on diastolic function
Increased oxygen demand
Increased systolic function, minimally
Decreased renal perfusion
Variable CO
Phenylephrine[2]
Receptors: Strong alpha-1
Increased SVR, significantly
No effect on PVR
Increased BP
No effect on HR
No effect on systolic or diastolic function
No effect on myocardial oxygen demand
Decreased CO and renal perfusion
Dopamine, low dose (1-5 µg/kg/min)
Receptors: Dopaminergic agonist
Renal and mesenteric vasodilation
Increased HR
Increased systolic function, minimal
No effect in diastolic function
Increased oxygen demand, minimal
Increased SVR, minimal
No effect on PVR
Dopamine, medium dose (6-10 µg/kg/min)
Receptors: Beta-1 agonist
Increased systolic function
Increased HR and CO
No effect in diastolic function
Increased myocardial oxygen demand
Increased SVR
Increased PVR, minimal
Renal vasodilation
Dopamine, large dose (11-20 µg/kg/min)
Receptors: Alpha-1 agonist
Increased HR, CO, PVR
No effect on diastolic function
Increased myocardial oxygen demand
Increased PVR, minimal
Increased SVR, significantly
Dobutamine[3]
Receptors: Strong beta-1, weak beta-2 and alpha receptors
Increased HR, CO
Increased HR
Increased systolic function
No effect on diastolic function
Increased in myocardial oxygen demand
Decreased SVR
Decreased PVR, minimally
Vasopressin
Receptors: ADH analogue
PVR effect unknown
Increased SVR, significantly
No effect on HR
No effect on systolic or diastolic function
No effect in myocardial oxygen demand
Splanchnic vasoconstriction