Singh M, Rihal CS, Gersh BJ, Lennon RJ, Prasad A, Sorajja P. Twenty-five-year trends in in-hospital and long-term outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention: a single-institution experience. Circulation. 2007 Jun 5. 115(22):2835-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dauerman HL, Rao SV, Resnic FS, Applegate RJ. Bleeding avoidance strategies. Consensus and controversy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Jun 28. 58(1):1-10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Forssmann-Falck R. Werner Forssmann: a pioneer of cardiology. Am J Cardiol. 1997 Mar 1. 79(5):651-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Radner S. Thoracal aortography by catheterization from the radial artery; preliminary report of a new technique. Acta radiol. 1948 Feb 28. 29(2):178-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Campeau L. Percutaneous radial artery approach for coronary angiography. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1989 Jan. 16(1):3-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kiemeneij F, Laarman GJ. Percutaneous transradial artery approach for coronary stent implantation. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1993 Oct. 30(2):173-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rao SV, Ou FS, Wang TY, Roe MT, Brindis R, Rumsfeld JS. Trends in the prevalence and outcomes of radial and femoral approaches to percutaneous coronary intervention: a report from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2008 Aug. 1(4):379-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bertrand OF, Rao SV, Pancholy S, Jolly SS, Rodes-Cabau J, Larose E. Transradial approach for coronary angiography and interventions: results of the first international transradial practice survey. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2010 Oct. 3(10):1022-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Caputo RP, Tremmel JA, Rao S, Gilchrist IC, Pyne C, Pancholy S. Transradial arterial access for coronary and peripheral procedures: Executive summary by the transradial committee of the SCAI. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 Nov 15. 78(6):823-839. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Feldman DN, Swaminathan RV, Kaltenbach LA, Baklanov DV, Kim LK, Wong SC. Adoption of radial access and comparison of outcomes to femoral access in percutaneous coronary intervention: an updated report from the national cardiovascular data registry (2007-2012). Circulation. 2013 Jun 11. 127(23):2295-306. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jolly SS, Amlani S, Hamon M, Yusuf S, Mehta SR. Radial versus femoral access for coronary angiography or intervention and the impact on major bleeding and ischemic events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am Heart J. 2009 Jan. 157(1):132-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Agostoni P, Biondi-Zoccai GG, de Benedictis ML, Rigattieri S, Turri M, Anselmi M. Radial versus femoral approach for percutaneous coronary diagnostic and interventional procedures; Systematic overview and meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 Jul 21. 44(2):349-56. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Charalambous MA, Constantinides SS, Talias MA, Soteriades ES, Christou CP. Repeated transradial catheterization: feasibility, efficacy, and safety. Tex Heart Inst J. 2014 Dec. 41 (6):575-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Lee L, Blair J, Gupta S, Nathan S. Upper extremity vascular complications following transradial approach for cardiac catheterization and intervention: a focused review of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic considerations. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2016 Dec. 64 (6):648-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Milford BM, Cohen MG. Coronary cannulation: tips for success in transradial angiography and interventions. Interv Cardiol Clin. 2020 Jan. 9 (1):21-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kanei Y, Kwan T, Nakra NC, et al. Transradial cardiac catheterization: A review of access site complications. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 May 12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kinnaird TD, Stabile E, Mintz GS, Lee CW, Canos DA, Gevorkian N. Incidence, predictors, and prognostic implications of bleeding and blood transfusion following percutaneous coronary interventions. Am J Cardiol. 2003 Oct 15. 92(8):930-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Suh JW, Mehran R, Claessen BE, Xu K, Baber U, Dangas G. Impact of In-Hospital Major Bleeding on Late Clinical Outcomes After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Myocardial Infarction The HORIZONS-AMI (Harmonizing Outcomes With Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction) Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Oct 18. 58(17):1750-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Manoukian SV, Feit F, Mehran R, et al. Impact of major bleeding on 30-day mortality and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: an analysis from the ACUITY Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Mar 27. 49(12):1362-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Achenbach S, Ropers D, Kallert L, et al. Transradial versus transfemoral approach for coronary angiography and intervention in patients above 75 years of age. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2008 Nov 1. 72(5):629-35. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sciahbasi A, Pristipino C, Ambrosio G, Sperduti I, Scabbia EV, Greco C. Arterial access-site-related outcomes of patients undergoing invasive coronary procedures for acute coronary syndromes (from the ComPaRison of Early Invasive and Conservative Treatment in Patients With Non-ST-ElevatiOn Acute Coronary Syndromes [PRESTO-ACS] Vascular Substudy). Am J Cardiol. 2009 Mar 15. 103(6):796-800. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Choussat R, Black A, Bossi I, Fajadet J, Marco J. Vascular complications and clinical outcome after coronary angioplasty with platelet IIb/IIIa receptor blockade. Comparison of transradial vs transfemoral arterial access. Eur Heart J. 2000 Apr. 21(8):662-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jolly SS, Yusuf S, Cairns J, et al. Radial versus femoral access for coronary angiography and intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes (RIVAL): a randomised, parallel group, multicentre trial. Lancet. 2011 Apr 23. 377(9775):1409-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cooper CJ, El-Shiekh RA, Cohen DJ, Blaesing L, Burket MW, Basu A. Effect of transradial access on quality of life and cost of cardiac catheterization: A randomized comparison. Am Heart J. 1999 Sep. 138(3 Pt 1):430-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Roussanov O, Wilson SJ, Henley K, Estacio G, Hill J, Dogan B. Cost-effectiveness of the radial versus femoral artery approach to diagnostic cardiac catheterization. J Invasive Cardiol. 2007 Aug. 19(8):349-53. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Mann T, Cowper PA, Peterson ED, Cubeddu G, Bowen J, Giron L. Transradial coronary stenting: comparison with femoral access closed with an arterial suture device. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2000 Feb. 49(2):150-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bertrand OF, De Larochelliere R, Rodes-Cabau J, Proulx G, Gleeton O, Nguyen CM. A randomized study comparing same-day home discharge and abciximab bolus only to overnight hospitalization and abciximab bolus and infusion after transradial coronary stent implantation. Circulation. 2006 Dec 12. 114(24):2636-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jabara R, Gadesam R, Pendyala L, Chronos N, Crisco LV, King SB. Ambulatory discharge after transradial coronary intervention: Preliminary US single-center experience (Same-day TransRadial Intervention and Discharge Evaluation, the STRIDE Study). Am Heart J. 2008 Dec. 156(6):1141-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Amin AP, House JA, Safley DM, Chhatriwalla AK, Giersiefen H, Bremer A. Costs of transradial percutaneous coronary intervention. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2013 Aug. 6(8):827-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sciahbasi A, Romagnoli E, Trani C, Burzotta F, Pendenza G, Tommasino A. Evaluation of the "learning curve" for left and right radial approach during percutaneous coronary procedures. Am J Cardiol. 2011 Jul 15. 108(2):185-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Looi JL, Cave A, El-Jack S. Learning curve in transradial coronary angiography. Am J Cardiol. 2011 Oct 15. 108(8):1092-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pristipino C, Trani C, Nazzaro MS, Berni A, Patti G, Patrizi R. Major improvement of percutaneous cardiovascular procedure outcomes with radial artery catheterisation: results from the PREVAIL study. Heart. 2009 Mar. 95(6):476-82. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jolly SS, Cairns J, Niemela K, Steg PG, Natarajan MK, Cheema AN. Effect of radial versus femoral access on radiation dose and the importance of procedural volume: a substudy of the multicenter randomized RIVAL trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2013 Mar. 6(3):258-66. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dehghani P, Mohammad A, Bajaj R, Hong T, Suen CM, Sharieff W. Mechanism and predictors of failed transradial approach for percutaneous coronary interventions. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2009 Nov. 2(11):1057-64. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Safirstein JG. Optimizing transradial access: radiation, contrast, access site crossover, and ergonomics. Interv Cardiol Clin. 2020 Jan. 9 (1):99-105. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Brueck M, Bandorski D, Kramer W, Wieczorek M, Holtgen R, Tillmanns H. A randomized comparison of transradial versus transfemoral approach for coronary angiography and angioplasty. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2009 Nov. 2(11):1047-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Neill J, Douglas H, Richardson G, Chew EW, Walsh S, Hanratty C. Comparison of radiation dose and the effect of operator experience in femoral and radial arterial access for coronary procedures. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Oct 1. 106(7):936-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sciahbasi A, Romagnoli E, Trani C, Burzotta F, Sarandrea A, Summaria F. Operator radiation exposure during percutaneous coronary procedures through the left or right radial approach: the TALENT dosimetric substudy. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 Jun. 4(3):226-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cubero JM, Lombardo J, Pedrosa C, Diaz-Bejarano D, Sanchez B, Fernandez V. Radial compression guided by mean artery pressure versus standard compression with a pneumatic device (RACOMAP). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2009 Mar 1. 73(4):467-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pancholy S, Coppola J, Patel T, Roke-Thomas M. Prevention of radial artery occlusion-patent hemostasis evaluation trial (PROPHET study): a randomized comparison of traditional versus patency documented hemostasis after transradial catheterization. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2008 Sep 1. 72(3):335-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pancholy SB, Patel TM. Effect of duration of hemostatic compression on radial artery occlusion after transradial access. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 May 16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kaplanoglu H, Beton O. Flow and diameter changes of forearm arteries during temporary unilateral reciprocal occlusion: a prospective observational study. J Clin Ultrasound. 2017 May. 45 (4):197-203. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
van Leeuwen MAH, Hollander MR, van der Heijden DJ, et al. The ACRA Anatomy Study (assessment of disability after coronary procedures using radial access): a comprehensive anatomic and functional assessment of the vasculature of the hand and relation to outcome after transradial catheterization. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Nov. 10 (11):[QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
van der Heijden DJ, van Leeuwen MAH, Ritt MJPF, van de Ven PM, van Royen N. Chronic radial artery occlusion does not cause exercise induced hand ischemia. J Interv Cardiol. 2018 Dec. 31 (6):949-56. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Rhyne D, Mann T. Hand ischemia resulting from a transradial intervention: successful management with radial artery angioplasty. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2010 Sep 1. 76(3):383-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kim D, Arbra CA, Simon Ivey J, Burchett P, Gonzalez G, Herrera FA. Iatrogenic radial artery injuries: variable injury patterns, treatment times, and outcomes. Hand (N Y). 2019 May 1. 1558944719844348. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Miller TJ, Lin WC, Safa B. Radial artery occlusion in a patient with lupus, antiphospholipid syndrome, and Raynaud phenomenon: a multimodal approach. J Hand Surg Am. 2019 Oct 1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yang YJ, Kandzari DE, Gao Z, Xu B, Chen JL, Qiao SB. Transradial versus transfemoral method of percutaneous coronary revascularization for unprotected left main coronary artery disease: comparison of procedural and late-term outcomes. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2010 Oct. 3(10):1035-42. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rinfret S, Joyal D, Nguyen CM, et al. Retrograde recanalization of chronic total occlusions from the transradial approach; early Canadian experience. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 Sep 1. 78(3):366-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chow J, Tan CH, Ong SH, Goh YS, Gan HW, Tan VH. Transradial percutaneous coronary intervention in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction and high-risk patients: experience in a single centre without cardiothoracic surgical backup. Singapore Med J. 2011 Apr. 52(4):257-62. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Siudak Z, Zawislak B, Dziewierz A, et al. Transradial approach in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with abciximab results in fewer bleeding complications: data from EUROTRANSFER registry. Coron Artery Dis. 2010 Aug. 21(5):292-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Weaver AN, Henderson RA, Gilchrist IC, Ettinger SM. Arterial access and door-to-balloon times for primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients presenting with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2010 Apr 1. 75(5):695-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pancholy S, Patel T, Sanghvi K, Thomas M, Patel T. Comparison of door-to-balloon times for primary PCI using transradial versus transfemoral approach. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2010 Jun 1. 75(7):991-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hetherington SL, Adam Z, Morley R, et al. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: changing patterns of vascular access, radial versus femoral artery. Heart. 2009 Oct. 95(19):1612-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Vink MA, Amoroso G, Dirksen MT, et al. Routine use of the transradial approach in primary percutaneous coronary intervention: procedural aspects and outcomes in 2209 patients treated in a single high-volume centre. Heart. 2011 Dec. 97(23):1938-42. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Arzamendi D, Ly HQ, Tanguay JF, Chan MY, Chevallereau P, Gallo R. Effect on bleeding, time to revascularization, and one-year clinical outcomes of the radial approach during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Jul 15. 106(2):148-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Romagnoli E, Biondi-Zoccai G, Sciahbasi A, Politi L, Rigattieri S, Pendenza G. Radial versus femoral randomized investigation in ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: the RIFLE-STEACS (Radial Versus Femoral Randomized Investigation in ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 Dec 18. 60(24):2481-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bernat I, Horak D, Stasek J, Mates M, Pesek J, Ostadal P, et al. ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated by RADIAL or Femoral Approach in a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial : The STEMI-RADIAL Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Nov 6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rao S. Presented at the Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics meeting (TCT 2013), San Francisco, CA,. 2013 October 29,.
Loh YJ, Nakao M, Tan WD, Lim CH, Tan YS, Chua YL. Factors influencing radial artery size. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 2007 Aug. 15(4):324-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sciahbasi A, Mancone M, Cortese B, Pendenza G, Romagnoli E, Fischetti D. Transradial percutaneous coronary interventions using sheathless guiding catheters: a multicenter registry. J Interv Cardiol. 2011 Oct. 24(5):407-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Youn YJ, Yoon J, Han SW, Lee JW, Sung JK, Ahn SG. Feasibility of transradial coronary intervention using a sheathless guiding catheter in patients with small radial artery. Korean Circ J. 2011 Mar. 41(3):143-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barbeau GR, Arsenault F, Dugas L, Simard S, Lariviere MM. Evaluation of the ulnopalmar arterial arches with pulse oximetry and plethysmography: comparison with the Allen's test in 1010 patients. Am Heart J. 2004 Mar. 147(3):489-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Valgimigli M, Gagnor A, Calabro P, et al, for the MATRIX Investigators. Radial versus femoral access in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing invasive management: a randomised multicentre trial. Lancet. 2015 Jun 20. 385 (9986):2465-76. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
American College of Cardiology. MATRIX: Radial access reduces net adverse events; bivalirudin shows mixed results in ACS patients. Available at http://acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2015/03/15/20/00/1045am-pt-316-matrix-radial-access-reduces-net-adverse-events-bivalirudin-shows-mixed-results-in-acs-patients. March 16, 2015; Accessed: January 7, 2020.
Mehran R, Lansky AJ, Witzenbichler B, Guagliumi G, Peruga JZ, Brodie BR. Bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction (HORIZONS-AMI): 1-year results of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009 Oct 3. 374(9696):1149-59. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Stone GW, Witzenbichler B, Guagliumi G, Peruga JZ, Brodie BR, Dudek D. Bivalirudin during primary PCI in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2008 May 22. 358(21):2218-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Coomes EA, Haghbayan H, Cheema AN. Distal transradial access for cardiac catheterization: a systematic scoping review. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2019 Nov 29. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
He GW, Yang CQ. Comparative study on calcium channel antagonists in the human radial artery: clinical implications. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000 Jan. 119(1):94-100. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Coppola J, Patel T, Kwan T, Sanghvi K, Srivastava S, Shah S. Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, or both, in preventing radial artery spasm during transradial artery catheterization. J Invasive Cardiol. 2006 Apr. 18(4):155-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Plante S, Cantor WJ, Goldman L, Miner S, Quesnelle A, Ganapathy A. Comparison of bivalirudin versus heparin on radial artery occlusion after transradial catheterization. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2010 Nov 1. 76(5):654-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bossard M, Mehta SR, Welsh RC, Bainey KR. Utility of unfractionated heparin in transradial cardiac catheterization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Cardiol. 2017 Oct. 33 (10):1245-53. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Besli F, Gungoren F, Tanriverdi Z, et al. The high dose unfractionated heparin is related to less radial artery occlusion rates after diagnostic cardiac catheterisation: a single centre experience. Acta Cardiol. 2019 Dec 23. 1-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gilchrist IC, Rhodes DA, Zimmerman HE. A single center experience with same-day transradial-PCI patients: A contrast with published guidelines. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 May 3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rinfret S, Kennedy WA, Lachaine J, Lemay A, Rodes-Cabau J, Cohen DJ. Economic impact of same-day home discharge after uncomplicated transradial percutaneous coronary intervention and bolus-only abciximab regimen. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2010 Oct. 3(10):1011-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].