Author
Andrew G Lee, MD Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital; Clinical Professor, Associate Program Director, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine; Clinical Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Professor of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Clinical Associate Professor, University of Buffalo, State University of New York School of Medicine
Andrew G Lee, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Geriatrics Society, Houston Neurological Society, Houston Ophthalmological Society, International Council of Ophthalmology, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, Texas Ophthalmological Association
Disclosure: Received ownership interest from Credential Protection for other.
Coauthor(s)
Michael Duan Baylor College of Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Rahul T Pandit, MD Associate Professor of Clinical Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Blanton Eye Institute; Medical Director, Houston Methodist Hospital Ophthalmology Operating Room; Methodist Eye Associates
Rahul T Pandit, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Cornea Society
Disclosure: Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Johnson and Johnson Vision; Bausch and Lomb.
Specialty Editor Board
Simon K Law, MD, PharmD Clinical Professor of Health Sciences, Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine
Simon K Law, MD, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, American Glaucoma Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Christopher J Rapuano, MD Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University; Director of the Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital
Christopher J Rapuano, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Ophthalmological Society, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Cornea Society, Eye Bank Association of America, International Society of Refractive Surgery
Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: AAO; OMIC; Bio-Tissue; Celularity; Dompe; Glaukos; Kala; Oyster Point; Sun Ophthalmics; Tarsus; TearLab<br/>Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Glaukos; Dompe; Bio-Tissue<br/>Received research grant from: Glaukos<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: AAO; OMIC; Bio-Tissue; Cellularity; Dompe; Glaukos; Kala; Sun Ophthalmics; TearLab.
Chief Editor
Michael Taravella, MD Director of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Institute; Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine
Michael Taravella, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Eye Bank Association of America
Disclosure: Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: J&J Vision (Consultant)/Proctor<br/> for: Coronet Surgical (Consultant), no income received.
Additional Contributors
Soheila Rostami, MD, FAACC Director, Rostami Ophthalmic Plastic Consultants
Soheila Rostami, MD, FAACC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Medical Association
Disclosure: Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Eclipse, Galderma, Mertz.
Hugh Ringland Taylor, AC, MD, MBBS, BMedSc(Melb), DO(Melb), FRANZCO, FRACS, FAAO, FACS, FAICD Harold Mitchell Professor of Indigenous Eye Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne
Hugh Ringland Taylor, AC, MD, MBBS, BMedSc(Melb), DO(Melb), FRANZCO, FRACS, FAAO, FACS, FAICD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Ophthalmological Society, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Anthony W Solomon, MBBS, DTM&H, PhD, MRCP Wellcome Trust Intermediate Clinical Fellow, Senior Lecturer, Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Honorary Consultant Physician, The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, UK
Anthony W Solomon, MBBS, DTM&H, PhD, MRCP is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Royal College of Physicians, Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Disclosure: Received grant/research funds from International Trachoma Initiative for researcher; Received member of trachoma expert committee from International Trachoma Initiative for review panel membership; Received member of scientific advisory board from Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust for review panel membership.
Acknowledgements
Anastasios J Kanellopoulos, MD Assistant Program Director, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, New York University
Anastasios J Kanellopoulos, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Eye Bank Association of America, and International Society of Refractive Surgery
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Denise Mabey, FRCOphth, MBBS Consulting Staff, Department of Ophthalmology, St Thomas Hospital of London
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
The image on the left shows intense inflammatory trachoma, and the image on the right shows allergic conjunctivitis with the typical cobblestone papillae. Courtesy of John D. C. Anderson, MD, and Murray McGavin, MD.
